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ZeroTrace OSINT

Defang & Refang

Defang and refang IOCs in multiple formats — CyberChef-style, MISP, STIX. Safe IOC sharing for chat, email, and reports.

The defang tool transforms indicators-of-compromise (IPs, URLs, domains, emails, hashes) into "broken" forms that text-rendering systems will not auto-link. The refang tool reverses the transformation.

Why defang

A malicious URL pasted into a chat client almost always becomes a clickable link. A teammate's hover preview can trigger telemetry. A misclick can fire the URL. Defanging breaks the auto-linking and signals to the reader "this is hostile content; treat with care."

Defanging is the universal convention in security work. Reports, blog posts, threat-intelligence shares, and chat discussions all use defanged IOCs.

What you can defang

Input typeDefanged form (CyberChef style)
IP1.2.3.41[.]2[.]3[.]4
URL with schemehttp://evil.com/xhxxp://evil[.]com/x
HTTPS URLhttps://evil.comhxxps://evil[.]com
Domainevil.comevil[.]com
Emailbad@evil.combad[at]evil[.]com
Hash5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592 (unchanged — hashes do not auto-link)

The brackets-around-the-dot pattern is the most common form. The hxxp substitution defangs the scheme. The [at] substitution defangs emails.

Format selector

Different tools and reporting frameworks use slightly different defang formats. The tool offers:

FormatStyle
CyberChef[.], hxxp, [at] — the most common
MISPStandard MISP defang conventions
STIXSTIX 2.x defang conventions
CustomYour own substitutions

Pick the format that matches your reporting framework.

Refang

Refanging is the inverse — take a defanged IOC and restore it to actionable form. Useful when you receive an IOC list from another team, defanged, and you need to feed it into a tool that needs the original.

The refanger handles:

  • All the defang formats listed above.
  • Mixed formats in the same input (one paste containing some CyberChef-defanged and some MISP-defanged IOCs).
  • Common typo variants of defanged forms.

Refang an IOC only when you are about to use it in a controlled environment. Refanging restores the original — pasting it into a chat or email will re-trigger the auto-linking that defanging was meant to prevent.

Per-IOC type breakdown

The defang tool reports counts of each IOC type in the input — useful for sanity-checking that your defanged output covers what you expected.

Auto-compose with extractor

A one-click "extract first then defang" affordance composes the IOC extractor over the input first, then defangs each extracted IOC. Useful when your input is messy text rather than a clean IOC list.

Pivots

The defang tool itself does not pivot — the refanged-output entries do, via the IOC extractor's pivot menu.

Bulk defang

Bulk paste accepts arbitrarily large inputs. The output is the same input with every IOC defanged in-place — reporting-ready prose.

Sources

All defang / refang transformations run locally. No external sources are queried.

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